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Determinants of Hypertension Complications Among Adult Hypertensive Patients in Medical Wards at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi

Received: 17 September 2016     Accepted: 27 September 2016     Published: 26 October 2016
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Abstract

Hypertension is a silent killer disease owing to the late recognition of symptoms. Uncontrolled hypertension is the primary risk factor for stroke, heart failure and kidney failure in sub Saharan Africa. Control of hypertension is associated with a larger reduction in morbidity and mortality. Efforts to address the complications associated with hypertension are still a global concern. In sub Saharan Africa the epidemiological transition of non communicable diseases poses a great threat to most of the population. The main aim of this study was to identify the determinants of hypertension complications among hypertensive patients in Kenyatta National Hospital. A cross sectional descriptive design among eighty hypertensive patients in medical wards in Kenyatta National Hospital was conducted. Data was collected using structured questionnaires, key informants interviews and focused group discussions. 34 (42.5%) participants were already suffering hypertension complications at the time of the study. The mean age of participants was 49.7 years (SD 15.1). There was a significant association between current systolic blood pressure (p = 0.033), adding salt to food (p = 0.01), level of education (p=0.001) and hypertension complication. Finances and lack of adequate knowledge were main factors cited to be contributing to development of hypertension complications among in the key informants interviews and Focused Group Discussion.

Published in American Journal of Nursing Science (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajns.20160505.16
Page(s) 213-221
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hypertension, Determinants, Hypertension Complications, Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH)

References
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[3] Kearney P, Reynolds K, Whelton P, He J, ''Worldwide prevalence of hypertension: a systematic review.'' J Hypertens 2004; 22: 11-19.
[4] Loscalzo, J, Anthony S, Braunwald G, Eugene; Dennis L, et al. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 2008, McGraw-Hill Medical.
[5] Steinmetz M, ''Cardiac sequelae of hypertension.'' Der Internist in German, 2009; 50(4): 397-409.
[6] Krzesinski J, ''Hypertension and the kidney.''ActaClinicaBelgica, 2007; 62(1): 5-14.
[7] Krzesinski J, ''Hypertension and the kidney.''ActaClinicaBelgica. 2007; 62(1): 5-14.
[8] Lindhorst J, Blinggnaut J & Rayner B, ''Differences in hypertension between blacks and whites: an overview.'' Cardiovascular Journal of Africa, 2007; 18(4): 241 - 247.
[9] Staessen J, Gasowski J, Wang J, Thijs L et al., ''Risks of untreated and treated isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly: meta-analysis of outcome trials.'' The Lancet. 2000; 355(9207): 865-872. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIISO140-6736(99)07330-4/abstract.
[10] Van de Vijver Set al., ''Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among slum dwellers in Nairobi, Kenya.'' Journal of hypertension, 2013; 31(5): 1018-1024.
[11] Boutayeb A, ''The double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases in developing countries.'' Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2006; 100(3): 191-199.
[12] WHO, ''World Health Organisation; Global Health Estimates for hypertension.'' Health Information. Geneva. 2014. https://www.who.int/nmh/publications/wha_resolution53_14/en/ Accessed on 20th May 2016
[13] KyngasA&Shamsul A, ''Why hypertensive patients do not comply with their treatment: A case control study in Perlis Malasya.''International Medical Journal, 2012: 19(1).
[14] Dunbar-Hill M, Miller N & DeGeest S, ''Adherence and persistence with taking medications to control high blood pressure.'' Journal of the American Society of Hypertension, 2011; 5(1): 56-63.
[15] Li W, ''Hypertension control, predictors for medication adherence and gender differences in older Chinese immigrants.'' Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2008; 61(3): 326-335.
[16] Babiker F. A, Lamia A. E & Moukhyer M. E, ''Awareness of hypertension and factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension in Sudanese adults.'' Cardiovascular Journal of Africa, 2013; 24(6): 208 - 212. https://doi.org/10.5830/CVJA-2013-035
[17] Kopczy'nski J, Wojtyniak B & Gorynski Z ''The future of chronic diseases.'' Cent Eur J Public Health, 2001; 9(1): 3-13.
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    Isiaho Lillian Amugitsi, Ayieko A. O., Omuga B. O. (2016). Determinants of Hypertension Complications Among Adult Hypertensive Patients in Medical Wards at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi. American Journal of Nursing Science, 5(5), 213-221. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20160505.16

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    Isiaho Lillian Amugitsi; Ayieko A. O.; Omuga B. O. Determinants of Hypertension Complications Among Adult Hypertensive Patients in Medical Wards at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi. Am. J. Nurs. Sci. 2016, 5(5), 213-221. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20160505.16

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    AMA Style

    Isiaho Lillian Amugitsi, Ayieko A. O., Omuga B. O. Determinants of Hypertension Complications Among Adult Hypertensive Patients in Medical Wards at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi. Am J Nurs Sci. 2016;5(5):213-221. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20160505.16

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajns.20160505.16,
      author = {Isiaho Lillian Amugitsi and Ayieko A. O. and Omuga B. O.},
      title = {Determinants of Hypertension Complications Among Adult Hypertensive Patients in Medical Wards at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi},
      journal = {American Journal of Nursing Science},
      volume = {5},
      number = {5},
      pages = {213-221},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajns.20160505.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20160505.16},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajns.20160505.16},
      abstract = {Hypertension is a silent killer disease owing to the late recognition of symptoms. Uncontrolled hypertension is the primary risk factor for stroke, heart failure and kidney failure in sub Saharan Africa. Control of hypertension is associated with a larger reduction in morbidity and mortality. Efforts to address the complications associated with hypertension are still a global concern. In sub Saharan Africa the epidemiological transition of non communicable diseases poses a great threat to most of the population. The main aim of this study was to identify the determinants of hypertension complications among hypertensive patients in Kenyatta National Hospital. A cross sectional descriptive design among eighty hypertensive patients in medical wards in Kenyatta National Hospital was conducted. Data was collected using structured questionnaires, key informants interviews and focused group discussions. 34 (42.5%) participants were already suffering hypertension complications at the time of the study. The mean age of participants was 49.7 years (SD 15.1). There was a significant association between current systolic blood pressure (p = 0.033), adding salt to food (p = 0.01), level of education (p=0.001) and hypertension complication. Finances and lack of adequate knowledge were main factors cited to be contributing to development of hypertension complications among in the key informants interviews and Focused Group Discussion.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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    AU  - Isiaho Lillian Amugitsi
    AU  - Ayieko A. O.
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    AB  - Hypertension is a silent killer disease owing to the late recognition of symptoms. Uncontrolled hypertension is the primary risk factor for stroke, heart failure and kidney failure in sub Saharan Africa. Control of hypertension is associated with a larger reduction in morbidity and mortality. Efforts to address the complications associated with hypertension are still a global concern. In sub Saharan Africa the epidemiological transition of non communicable diseases poses a great threat to most of the population. The main aim of this study was to identify the determinants of hypertension complications among hypertensive patients in Kenyatta National Hospital. A cross sectional descriptive design among eighty hypertensive patients in medical wards in Kenyatta National Hospital was conducted. Data was collected using structured questionnaires, key informants interviews and focused group discussions. 34 (42.5%) participants were already suffering hypertension complications at the time of the study. The mean age of participants was 49.7 years (SD 15.1). There was a significant association between current systolic blood pressure (p = 0.033), adding salt to food (p = 0.01), level of education (p=0.001) and hypertension complication. Finances and lack of adequate knowledge were main factors cited to be contributing to development of hypertension complications among in the key informants interviews and Focused Group Discussion.
    VL  - 5
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Author Information
  • School of Nursing sciences University of Nairobi, Kenya

  • School of Nursing sciences University of Nairobi, Kenya

  • School of Nursing sciences University of Nairobi, Kenya

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