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Application of CSHA Frailty Index and Clinical Frailty Scale in Geriatric Assessment of Elderly Males in China

Received: 3 June 2020     Accepted: 22 June 2020     Published: 28 June 2020
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Abstract

People at an advanced age often live with multiple chronic diseases as well as disabilities. To access the health condition of elderly persons, various models have been used in developed countries in the West. However, it is not known how these models apply to the elderly in Asian developing countries. This study investigated the application of the Clinical Frailty Scale-09, a widely used method in patient assessment in Western countries, to older adults living in mainland China. Two hundred and ten elderly males were assessed for their health conditions using a list of variables by the Canadian Study of Health and Aging to construct the 70-item CSHA Frailty Index. The obtained Frailty Indices were compared with the scores of The Clinical Frailty Scale-09 for the same sample group. The assessment revealed the changing pattern in the health condition of the sampled population. Compared to the group aged 65-74 years old, the Frailty Index and the Clinical Frailty Scale increased in the groups aged 75-84 and 85-89 years old. The greatest increase was in the group aged ≥90 years old. The scores of the Frailty Index and the Clinical Frailty Scale-09 correlate with each other. These findings suggest that the Frailty Index and Clinical Frailty Scale-09 provide reliable assessment of the health condition of elderly Chinese males.

Published in American Journal of Nursing Science (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.22
Page(s) 235-238
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Geriatric Medicine, CSHA Frailty Index, The Clinical Frailty Scale-09, Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment

References
[1] Mitnitski A., Song X. and Rockwood K. (2007). Improvement and decline in health status from late middle age: modeling age-related changes in deficit accumulation. Exp Gerontol, 42 (11), 1109-1115.
[2] Rothman M. D., Leo-Summers L. and Gill T. M. (2008). Prognostic significance of potential frailty criteria. J Am Geriatr Soc, 56, 2211-2216.
[3] Mitnitski A., Mogilner A. J., and Rockwood K. (2001). Accumulation of deficits as a procy measure of aging. Scientific world journal, 8, 323-326.
[4] Rockwood K., Song X., MacKnight C., Bergman H., Hogan D. B., McDowell I. and Mitnitski A. (2005). A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. Canadian Medical Association journal, 173 (5), 489–495.
[5] Kojima G., Iliffe S. and Walters K. (2018). Frailty index as a predictor of mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age and Ageing, 47 (2), 193–200.
[6] Mitnitski A., Song X., Skoog I., Broe G. A., Cox J. L., Grunfeld E. and Rockwood K. (2005). Relative fitness and frailty of elderly men and women in developed countries and their relationship with mortality. J Am Geriatr Soc, 53, 2184-2189.
[7] Rockwood K. and Mitnitski A. (2007). Frailty in relation to the accumulation of deficits. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 62, 722-727.
[8] Searle S. D., Mitnitski A., Gahbauer E. A., Gill T. M. and Rockwood K. (2008). A standard procedure for creating a frailty index. BMC Geriatr, 8, 24.
[9] Rockwood K., Song X., Mitnitski A. and Yu P. (2009). Geriatric medicine and the care of frail elderly People. Chinese Journal of Geriatrics, 28, 353-365.
[10] Kim D. H., Schneeweiss S., Glynn R. J., Lipsitz L. A., Rockwood K. and Avorn J. (2018). Measuring frailty in medicare data: development and validation of a claims-based frailty index. Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 73 (7), 980–987.
[11] Walston J., Buta B. and Xue Q. L. (2018). Screening and interventions: considerations for clinical practice. Clin Geriatr Med, 34 (1): 25-38.
[12] Clegg A., Young J., Iliffe S., Rikkert M. O. and Rockwood K. (2013). Frailty in Older People. Lancet, 381 (9868), 752–762.
[13] Rockwood K., Stadnyk K., MacKnight C., McDowell L., Hebert R. and Hogan D. B. (1999). A brief clinical instrument to classify frailty in elderly people. Lancet, 353, 205-206.
[14] Rockwood K. (2005). Frailty and its definition: a worthy challenge. J Am Geriatr Soc, 53 (6), 1069-1070.
[15] Fried L. P., Tangen C. M., Walston J., Newman A. B., Hirsch C., Gottdiener J., Seeman T., Tracy R., Kop W. J., Burke G. and McBurnie M. A. (2001). Frailty in old adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 56 (3), M146-156.
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  • APA Style

    Liyun Chu, Chunhua Shi. (2020). Application of CSHA Frailty Index and Clinical Frailty Scale in Geriatric Assessment of Elderly Males in China. American Journal of Nursing Science, 9(4), 235-238. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.22

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    ACS Style

    Liyun Chu; Chunhua Shi. Application of CSHA Frailty Index and Clinical Frailty Scale in Geriatric Assessment of Elderly Males in China. Am. J. Nurs. Sci. 2020, 9(4), 235-238. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.22

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    AMA Style

    Liyun Chu, Chunhua Shi. Application of CSHA Frailty Index and Clinical Frailty Scale in Geriatric Assessment of Elderly Males in China. Am J Nurs Sci. 2020;9(4):235-238. doi: 10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.22

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.22,
      author = {Liyun Chu and Chunhua Shi},
      title = {Application of CSHA Frailty Index and Clinical Frailty Scale in Geriatric Assessment of Elderly Males in China},
      journal = {American Journal of Nursing Science},
      volume = {9},
      number = {4},
      pages = {235-238},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.22},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.22},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajns.20200904.22},
      abstract = {People at an advanced age often live with multiple chronic diseases as well as disabilities. To access the health condition of elderly persons, various models have been used in developed countries in the West. However, it is not known how these models apply to the elderly in Asian developing countries. This study investigated the application of the Clinical Frailty Scale-09, a widely used method in patient assessment in Western countries, to older adults living in mainland China. Two hundred and ten elderly males were assessed for their health conditions using a list of variables by the Canadian Study of Health and Aging to construct the 70-item CSHA Frailty Index. The obtained Frailty Indices were compared with the scores of The Clinical Frailty Scale-09 for the same sample group. The assessment revealed the changing pattern in the health condition of the sampled population. Compared to the group aged 65-74 years old, the Frailty Index and the Clinical Frailty Scale increased in the groups aged 75-84 and 85-89 years old. The greatest increase was in the group aged ≥90 years old. The scores of the Frailty Index and the Clinical Frailty Scale-09 correlate with each other. These findings suggest that the Frailty Index and Clinical Frailty Scale-09 provide reliable assessment of the health condition of elderly Chinese males.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    AU  - Liyun Chu
    AU  - Chunhua Shi
    Y1  - 2020/06/28
    PY  - 2020
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.22
    T2  - American Journal of Nursing Science
    JF  - American Journal of Nursing Science
    JO  - American Journal of Nursing Science
    SP  - 235
    EP  - 238
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5753
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.22
    AB  - People at an advanced age often live with multiple chronic diseases as well as disabilities. To access the health condition of elderly persons, various models have been used in developed countries in the West. However, it is not known how these models apply to the elderly in Asian developing countries. This study investigated the application of the Clinical Frailty Scale-09, a widely used method in patient assessment in Western countries, to older adults living in mainland China. Two hundred and ten elderly males were assessed for their health conditions using a list of variables by the Canadian Study of Health and Aging to construct the 70-item CSHA Frailty Index. The obtained Frailty Indices were compared with the scores of The Clinical Frailty Scale-09 for the same sample group. The assessment revealed the changing pattern in the health condition of the sampled population. Compared to the group aged 65-74 years old, the Frailty Index and the Clinical Frailty Scale increased in the groups aged 75-84 and 85-89 years old. The greatest increase was in the group aged ≥90 years old. The scores of the Frailty Index and the Clinical Frailty Scale-09 correlate with each other. These findings suggest that the Frailty Index and Clinical Frailty Scale-09 provide reliable assessment of the health condition of elderly Chinese males.
    VL  - 9
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Author Information
  • Department of Gerontology, The 971 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, China

  • Department of Gerontology, The 971 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, China

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